EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory),电可擦可编程只读存储器--一种掉电后数据不丢失的存储芯片。
简而言之就是你想断电后arduino还要保存一些参数,就使用EEPROM吧。
在各型号的arduino控制器上的AVR芯片均带有EEPROM,也有外接的EEPROM芯片,常见arduino控制器的EEPROM大小:
Arduino UNO、Arduino duemilanove-m328、Zduino m328均使用ATmega328芯片,EEPROM都为1K
Arduino duemilanove-m168的EEPROM为512bytes
Arduino 2560的EEPROM为4K
下面我们介绍arduino自带的EEPROM使用方法,arduino的库已经为我们准备好了EEPROM类库,我们要使用得先调用EEPROM.h,然后使用write和read方法,即可操作EEPROM。
另:下面的官方例子由于写成较早,所以讲EEPROM的大小都定为了512字节,实际使用中,大家可参照上面所说的EEPROM大小,自行更改。
1.写入
选择 File>Examples>EEPROM>eeprom_write
- /*
- * EEPROM Write
- *
- * Stores values read from analog input 0 into the EEPROM.
- * These values will stay in the EEPROM when the board is
- * turned off and may be retrieved later by another sketch.
- */
- #include <EEPROM.h>
- // EEPROM 的当前地址,即你将要写入的地址,这里就是从0开始写
- int addr = 0;
- void setup()
- {
- }
- void loop()
- {
- //模拟值读出后是一个0-1024的值,但每字节的大小为0-255,所以这里将值除以4再存储到val
- int val = analogRead(0) / 4;
-
- // write the value to the appropriate byte of the EEPROM.
- // these values will remain there when the board is
- // turned off.
- EEPROM.write(addr, val);
-
- // advance to the next address. there are 512 bytes in
- // the EEPROM, so go back to 0 when we hit 512.
- addr = addr + 1;
- if (addr == 512)
- addr = 0;
-
- delay(100);
- }
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2.读取
选择 File>Examples>EEPROM>eeprom_read
- /*
- * EEPROM Read
- *
- * Reads the value of each byte of the EEPROM and prints it
- * to the computer.
- * This example code is in the public domain.
- */
- #include <EEPROM.h>
- // start reading from the first byte (address 0) of the EEPROM
- int address = 0;
- byte value;
- void setup()
- {
- // initialize serial and wait for port to open:
- Serial.begin(9600);
- while (!Serial) {
- ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for Leonardo only
- }
- }
- void loop()
- {
- // read a byte from the current address of the EEPROM
- value = EEPROM.read(address);
-
- Serial.print(address);
- Serial.print("\t");
- Serial.print(value, DEC);
- Serial.println();
-
- // advance to the next address of the EEPROM
- address = address + 1;
-
- // there are only 512 bytes of EEPROM, from 0 to 511, so if we're
- // on address 512, wrap around to address 0
- if (address == 512)
- address = 0;
-
- delay(500);
- }
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3.清除
选择 File>Examples>EEPROM>eeprom_clear
清除EEPROM的内容,其实就是把EEPROM中每一个字节写入0,因为只用清一次零,所以整个程序都在setup部分完成。
- /* * EEPROM Clear
- *
- * Sets all of the bytes of the EEPROM to 0.
- * This example code is in the public domain.
- */
- #include <EEPROM.h>
- void setup()
- {
- // 让EEPROM的512字节内容全部清零
- for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++)
- EEPROM.write(i, 0);
-
- // 清零工作完成后,将L灯点亮,提示EEPROM清零完成
- digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
- }
- void loop()
- {
- }
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使用共用体结构保存其他类型的数据到EEPROM:http://www.arduino.cn/thread-2684-1-1.html |